Japan (Japanese: Japan, English: Japan), abbreviated as "Japan", is an island country located in East Asia, the territory of Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu four large islands and more than 6,800 small islands, the total area of 378,000 square kilometers. The main ethnic group is Yamato, speaking Japanese, with a total population of about 126 million. Japan's three metropolitan areas are Tokyo metropolitan area, Osaka metropolitan area and Nagoya metropolitan area. Japan is an island nation on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. In the west, it faces China, the DPRK and the ROK by the East Sea, the Yellow Sea, the Korean Strait and the Sea of Japan. It is a temperate oceanic monsoon climate, mild and humid all year round. There are more rains in June and typhoons in summer and autumn. In the mid-3rd century, the Yamato Kingdom appeared within its territory.
In 645, Japan learned from China's Tang Dynasty and reformed itself. In the late 12th century, the emperor's imperial power dropped and he entered the era of shogunate rule. In the mid-1850s, the Black Ship Incident forced Japan to give up the "lock country policy" and sign a series of unequal treaties. In 1868, Emperor Meiji returned to power, implemented the Meiji Restoration and established the Great Empire of Japan, which quickly became one of the imperialist powers and embarked on the path of militarism of aggression and expansion, invading China, Korea and other Asian countries for many times.
After the defeat in World War II, a new constitution was promulgated, changing the state from a heavenly emperor to a parliamentary cabinet with the emperor as the symbol of the state. Japan is a highly developed capitalist country, the third largest economy in the world, and a member of G7 and G20. It has few natural resources and is extremely dependent on imports. Its developed manufacturing industry is the backbone of the national economy. The level of scientific research, aerospace, manufacturing and education is among the highest in the world. In addition, the cultural industry led by animation and game industry and the developed tourism industry are also important symbols. So far, it has preserved traditional Japanese culture such as tea ceremony, flower ceremony, and shodo. On June 9, 2022, members of the United Nations General Assembly voted at the UN headquarters in New York to elect Japan as a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council from 2023 to 2024.
