The Russian Federation (Russian: Р о с с и й с seem а second Ф е д е р а ц и second, English, the Russian Federation), also known as Russia (Russian: Р о с с и second, English: Russia), is a federal semi-presidential republic composed of 22 autonomous republics, 46 oblasts, 9 border regions, 4 autonomous regions, 1 autonomous prefecture, 3 federal municipalities.
It is located at about 30°~180°E and 50°~80°N in the northern part of the Eurasian continent, spanning the two continents of the Eurasian continent and covering an area of 17,0998,200 square kilometers. It is the largest country in the world and a unified multi-ethnic country composed of 194 ethnic groups, the majority of which is Russian, accounting for 77.7% of the total population of the country. The ancestors of the Russians were the East Slavic Rus tribe. By the end of the 15th century AD, the Grand Duchy of Moscow as the center, gradually formed a unified feudal state.
In 1547 Ivan IV changed the title of Grand duke to Tsar, and in 1721 Peter I was given the title of "Emperor of All Russia" by the Senate, and established the Russian Empire. It embarked on a path of aggression and expansion abroad and annexed many countries in Europe and Asia. It reached its peak during the reign of Catherine II Alexievna in the mid-to-late 18th century.
After the October Revolution in 1917, the Russian Soviet Federation Socialist Republic was established. On December 30, 1922, Russia and the countries that had gained independence from the Russian Empire after World War I formed the Soviet Union. It became a superpower during the Cold War and competed with the United States by developing its military power.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia, its biggest ally, inherited much of its military power. Has the world's largest Arsenal of nuclear weapons. Russia is one of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council and has veto power over Security Council bills. In addition, it is a member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and one of the BRICS countries.
